Elementary Curriculum for
Kindergarten - Mathematics

I.  Patterns, Relationships and Functions

Content Standard 1: Students recognize similarities and generalize patterns, use patterns to create models and make predictions, describe the nature of patterns and relation-ships, and construct representations of mathematical relationships.  (Patterns)

• The learner will recognize, describe and extend a simple geometric pattern.  (1.1)
• The learner will represent and reproduce a pattern using sounds, objects, shapes, pictures and motions.  (1.2)
• The learner will predict, identify missing elements of a familiar pattern in order to create new content.  (1.5)

II.  Geometry and Measurement

Content Standard 1: Students develop spatial sense, use shape as an analytic and descriptive tool, identify characteristics and define shapes, identify properties and describe relationships among shapes.  (Shape and Shape Relationships)

• The learner will recognize and name basic shapes (circle, triangle, square, rectangle). (1.1)
• The learner will explore and begin to discuss the attributes of familiar shapes (round, corners, sides, roll, tall, little, thick, thin).  (1.2)
• The learner will compare, sort and classify familiar shapes by attributes.  (1.3)
• The learner will build and trace/draw familiar shapes.  (1.4)
• The learner will use shape, shape properties and shape relationships to describe the physical world and to solve problems.  (1.7) 

Content Standard 2: Students identify locations of objects, identify location relative to other objects and describe the effects of transformations (e.g., sliding, flipping, turning, enlarging, reducing) on an object.  (Position)

• The learner will locate and describe objects in terms of their position.  (2.1)
• The learner will use concepts of position, direction and orientation to describe the physical world and to solve problems.  (2.5) 

Content Standard 3: Students compare attributes of two objects, or of one object with a standard (unit), and analyze situations to determine what measurements should be made and to what level of precision.  (Measurement)

• The learner will compare attributes of objects (longer-shorter, more-less, heavier-lighter) using nonstandard forms of measurement.  (3.1)
• The learner will identify the appropriate tool for measurement of length, mass, capacity, time, temperature and money. (3.2)
• The learner will apply measurement to describe the real world and to solve problems.  (3.6)

III.  Data Analysis and Statistics

Content Standard 1: Students collect and explore data, organize data into a useful form and develop skill in representing and reading data displayed in different formats.  (Collection, Organization and Presentation of Data)

• The learner will collect and explore data through counting, measuring and conducting surveys and experiments.  (1.1)
• The learner will organize data using concrete objects, pictures, and graphs.  (1.2)
• The learner will identify what data are needed to answer a particular question or solve a given problem, and design and implement strategies to obtain, organize and present those data.  (1.4) 

Content Standard 3: Students draw defensible inferences about unknown outcomes, make predictions and identify the degree of confidence they have in their predictions.  (Inference and Prediction)

• The learner will conduct surveys, samplings and experiments to solve problems and answer questions of interest to them.  (3.2)

IV.  Number Sense and Numeration

Content Standard 1: Students experience counting and measuring activities to develop intuitive sense about numbers, develop understanding about properties of numbers, understand the need for and existence of different sets of numbers, and investigate properties of special numbers.  (Concepts and Properties of Numbers)

• The learner will develop an understanding of whole numbers and read, write and count using whole numbers.   (1.1)
• The learner will apply their understanding of number systems to model and solve problems for sums up to 10.  (1.4) 

Content Standard 2: Students recognize that numbers are used in different ways such as counting, measuring, ordering and estimating, understand and produce multiple representations of a number, and translate among equivalent representations.  (Representation and Uses of Numbers)

• The learner will represent whole numbers using one to one correspondence with concrete, pictorial and symbolic representations to 30.  (2.1)
• The learner will investigate ways numbers are used.  (2.3)
• The learner will explore strategies for estimating quantity and evaluate the reasonableness of their estimates.  (2.4)
• The learner will select appropriate numbers and representations in order to solve real world problems.  (2.5) 

Content Standard 3: Students investigate relationships such as equality, inequality, inverses, factors and multiples and represent and compare very large and very small numbers.  (Number Relationships)

• The learner will compare and order numbers using “equal,” “less than,” or “greater than.”  (3.1)
• The learner will use part-whole relationships to explore numbers, develop number concepts and understand computation concretely and pictorially.  (3.2)

V.  Numerical and Algebraic Operations and Analytical Thinking

Content Standard 2: Students analyze problems to determine an appropriate process for solution, and use algebraic notations to model or represent problems.  (Algebraic and Analytic Thinking)

• The learner will use analytic thinking to describe situations and solve problems.  (2.4)

VI.  Probability and Discrete Mathematics

Content Standard 1: Students develop an understanding of the notion of certainty and of probability as a measure of the degree of likelihood that can be assigned to a given event based on the knowledge available, and make critical judgments about claims that are made in probabilistic situations.  (Probability)

• The learner will conduct experiments with concrete objects to explore concepts and develop an intuitive understanding of how the conditions of the experiment can affect the outcome.  (1.3) 

Content Standard 2: Students investigate practical situations such as scheduling, routing, sequencing, networking, organizing and classifying, and analyze ideas like recurrence relations, induction, iteration and algorithm design.  (Discrete Mathematics)

• The learner will use manipulatives and diagrams to explore problems and involving counting and arranging objects.  (2.1)
• The learner will explore sets and set relationships by sorting and classifying objects.  (2.2)
• The learner will explore situations in which they model and trace paths using figures consisting of vertices connected by edges.  (2.3)
• The learner will explore now-next patterns.  (2.4)
• The learner will explore, develop and invent their own algorithms to accomplish a task or to solve numerical problems.  (2.5)